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·搜一搜.cn/科学家发现反常超大黑洞 质量相当于3.5亿个太阳 an oversized nuclear black hole

描述：A still frame from a movie, illustrating an active galactic nucleus, with jets of material flowing from out from a central black hole — much like that found in recently discovered galaxy SAGE0536AGN

图片：BlackHole_A still frame from a movie.jpg

A still frame from a movie, illustrating an active galactic nucleus, with jets of material flowing from out from a central black hole — much like that found in recently discovered galaxy SAGE0536AGN. Image credit: NASA / Dana Berry / SkyWorks Digital.

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papers.cn 论文：
An evolutionary missing link? A modest-mass early-type galaxy hosting  an oversized nuclear black hole
JT van Loon, AE Sansom - Monthly Notices of the Royal …, 2015 - mnras.oxfordjournals.org
... wavelengths. SAGE1C J053634.78−722658.5 (hereafter referred to as 'SAGE0536AGN')
is an AGN which was serendipitously discovered by Hony et al. ... 4 DISCUSSION ON
THE NATURE OF SAGE0536AGN. 4.1 The host galaxy. The ...
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科学家发现反常超大黑洞质量相当于3.5亿个太阳

资料图：宇宙中的一个黑洞。
 中新网9月28日电 据英国皇家天文学会网站报道，英国科学家近日在一个新发现的星系中央，找到一个超大型黑洞，较同等星系一般可能出现的黑洞大30倍，甚至违反现有星系演化及黑洞行为理论。
 报道称，科学家早前使用美国太空总署(NASA)的斯皮策太空望远镜，发现“SAGE0536AGN”星系， 推算至少在90亿年前形成。
 英国基尔大学及中央兰开夏大学的天文学家在《皇家天文学会月刊》发表报告，指量度围绕星系中央转动的气体速度后，推断星系中央有一个黑洞，再使用南非大望远镜(SALT)收集星系释放出的氢核射线数据，以确定黑洞大小。英国皇家天文学会网站报道称，结果发现黑洞之大违反现有理论，其质量相当于3.5亿个太阳。
 领导研究的基尔大学天体物理学家范卢恩指出，以星系相当于250亿个太阳质量而言，黑洞实在是太大。 星系一般与其内部的黑洞同时生长，研究人员对超大黑洞提出两个解释，一是黑洞生长速度远较周围的星系快，二是星系未发育成熟就停止生长。新发现的星系或许 只是特例，但也可能是一种全新星系，科学家对此尚无定论。

2015年09月28日 09:29　来源：中国新闻网 科学家发现反常超大黑洞 质量相当于3.5亿个太阳
http://www.chinanews.com/gj/2015/09-28/7547453.shtml

Modest-mass galaxy hosts
oversized black hole:
an evolutionary missing link?
PAPs.cn/SAGE0536AGN

epps.cn/SAGE0536AGN

The central supermassive black hole of a recently discovered galaxy is far larger than should be possible, according to current theories of galactic evolution. New work, carried out by astronomers at Keele University and the University of Central Lancashire, shows that the black hole is much more massive than it should be, compared to the mass of the galaxy around it. The scientists publish their results in a paper in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.

The galaxy, SAGE0536AGN, was initially discovered with NASA’s Spitzer space telescope in infrared light. Thought to be at least 9 billion years old, it contains an active galactic nucleus (AGN), an incredibly bright object resulting from the accretion of gas by a central supermassive black hole. The gas is accelerated to high velocities due to the black hole’s immense gravitational field, causing this gas to emit light.
The team has now also confirmed the presence of the black hole by measuring the speed of the gas moving around it. Using the Southern African Large Telescope, the scientists observed that an emission line of hydrogen in the galaxy spectrum (where light is dispersed into its different colours — a similar effect is seen using a prism) is broadened through the Doppler Effect, where the wavelength (colour) of light from objects is blue- or red-shifted depending on whether they are moving towards or away from us. The degree of broadening implies that the gas is moving around at high speed, a result of the strong gravitational field of the black hole.
These data have been used to calculate the black hole’s mass: the more massive the black hole, the broader the emission line. The black hole in SAGE0536AGN was found to be 350 million times the mass of the Sun. But the mass of the galaxy itself, obtained through measurements of the movement of its stars, has been calculated to be 25 billion solar masses. This is seventy times larger than that of the black hole, but the black hole is still thirty times larger than expected for this size of galaxy.
“Galaxies have a vast mass, and so do the black holes in their cores. This one though is really too big for its boots — it simply shouldn’t be possible for it to be so large”, said Dr Jacco van Loon, an astrophysicist at Keele University and the lead author on the new paper.
In ordinary galaxies the black hole would grow at the same rate as the galaxy, but in SAGE0536AGN the black hole has grown much faster, or the galaxy stopped growing prematurely. Because this galaxy was found by accident, there may be more such objects waiting to be discovered. Time will tell whether SAGE0536AGN really is an oddball, or simply the first in a new class of galaxies.

http://astronomynow.com/2015/09/24/modest-mass-galaxy-hosts-oversized-blackhole-an-evolutionary-missing-link/

描述：Artist’s illustration of a supermassive black hole

图片：BlackHole_Artist’s illustration of a supermassive black hole.jpg

Artist’s illustration of a supermassive black hole.
Credit: NASA/JPL-Caltech
View full size image

The supermassive black hole at the heart of a recently discovered galaxy is much larger than it should be, and astronomers don't know why.

The galaxy, known as SAGE0536AGN, lies about 2 billion light-years from Earth and contains roughly 25 billion times the mass of the sun. Galaxies of this size typically harbor central black holes with the equivalent of 12 million solar masses or so, but SAGE0536AGN's is about 30 times that heavy, weighing in at 350 million solar masses, a new study reports.

"Galaxies have a vast mass, and so do the black holes in their cores," lead author Jacco van Loon, an astrophysicist at Keele University in the United Kingdom, said in a statement. "This one, though, is really too big for its boots — it simply shouldn’t be possible for it to be so large."

by Mike Wall, Space.com Senior Writer   |   September 25, 2015 07:00am ET  Oddly Gigantic Supermassive Black Hole Puzzles Scientists
http://www.space.com/30651-supermassive-black-hole-surprisingly-large.html